This volume is the first of a comprehensive surgical pathology manual authored by J. Delarue, aimed at medical students and practitioners in mid-20th-century France. It systematically addresses diseases requiring surgical intervention, combining theoretical knowledge with clinical applications. The text is organized by anatomical systems and pathophysiological processes, offering insight into diagnostic reasoning and operative techniques of the period. As a historical reference, it reflects the evolution of surgical education and clinical practice in the post-war era, with relevance for scholars of medical history and surgery.