This volume offers a comprehensive examination of 20th-century architecture and urban planning in Naples, focusing on the interplay between historical legacy and modern development. Through the contributions of Belfiore and Gravagnuolo, it presents an analysis of urban transformations, public housing, and architectural innovation amid socio-political shifts. The work is structured chronologically, highlighting key projects, figures, and planning ideologies. It contributes to the broader discourse on Italian urban studies by illustrating how Naples' urban fabric evolved under pressure from modernization, while negotiating with its dense historical context.