In La conquista dell’America. Il problema dell’«altro», Tzvetan Todorov explores the catastrophic encounter between European colonisers and Indigenous peoples of the Americas from the perspective of alterity, or the recognition of the “Other”. Through a rigorous and philosophically-inflected reading of chroniclers, missionaries and indigenous sources, he frames the conquest not merely as a historical event but as a paradigmatic case of how one culture perceives and subjugates another. The work bridges historiography, anthropology, and philosophy, and invites reflection on issues of identity, violence, and cultural encounter. Its enduring relevance lies in the ethical dimension it brings to the study of colonialism and the relationship between self-and-other.