This edited volume focuses on the phenomenon of entrepreneurial success in Southern Italy, presenting empirical studies of firms that have achieved strong performance despite weak political support and institutional frameworks. Under the direction of Liliana Bàculo, the work examines how business actors leverage local resources, social capital and innovation to grow, set against the backdrop of persistent structural constraints and policy deficits. The collection explores both enabling factors (such as networks, leadership, global linkages) and barriers (regulatory gaps, governance deficits, regional under‑development), thereby contributing to the literature on regional development, enterprise dynamics and Italian economic geography. It underscores the interplay between private initiative and public institutional vacuum, offering a nuanced view of how during the 1990s some “strong enterprises” flourished in a context of “weak politics”.